Free • Open Source • Browser-Based Morse Code Training Platform
🇪🇸 ¿Prefieres leer las instrucciones en español? Consulta la guía completa en español.
Practice, learn and improve Morse code directly from your browser using your keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, commercial USB key, DIY USB adapters, or Arduino HID interfaces.
Morse Practice combines:
- CW oscillator and sidetone
- Real-time Morse decoder
- Text-to-CW playback
- Straight key and paddle practice
- Adjustable WPM
- Adjustable Farnsworth character spacing
- Adjustable word spacing
- Adjustable Band Noise for a more radio-like listening environment
- Global Visual Aid control
- Global Audio Only mode for ear-only practice
- Hold W for a temporary visual peek while Audio Only is active
- CW Racer
- Progressive 40-lesson Koch Course
- Cumulative Koch listening Challenges
- Adaptive character training
- Custom Lessons from any text
- Character-by-character lessons
- Word-by-word lessons
- Independent local Statistics dashboard
- Learn From My Mistakes adaptive training
- Daily sending exercises
- Worldwide ON AIR practice room
- Simulated QSO training
- POTA practice
- SKCC practice
- Local AI-assisted QSO interpretation
- Simulated QSB, QRM and repeat requests
- Multiple simulated CW operator styles
- Multiple visual themes: Blue, Green, Purple, Pink and Game Boy
- Community-wide visitor, country and total practice-hour statistics
- Global 73! appreciation counter
- Optional Weekly Leaderboard with callsign, rank, points and streak
- Global operator callsign shared across community features
- Rewards system with unlockable themes and achievements
- SKCC and LICW community membership badges with global onboard counts
- Practice streak rewards for 7 and 30 consecutive days
- Top 10 weekly leaderboard achievement
- Special unlockable themes: Brass Key, LICW Night, CW Heritage, Master Copy, Signal Green and Night Operator
- VBand-style keyboard input support using Left/Right Ctrl and bracket keys
- Optional DIT / DAH inversion for left-handed or reversed paddle setups
- CW Duel — realtime head-to-head Morse copying battles at 8, 15 or 20 WPM
- CW Invaders — arcade-style TX/RX practice with letters, numbers, mixed characters and CW words
- CW Battleship — naval-themed listening and sending game with Cadet, Operator and Contester levels
- World Record / Ben’s Best Bent Wire — continuous-speed sending challenge with Practice and Ranked modes
- CW Racer Timed mode — race against the clock for 30, 60 or 120 seconds
- Global lightweight Chat with optional Auto CW playback and text hiding
- Global accumulated CW Duel counter in the community footer
No installation required. No registration required. Completely free and open source.
Most training data remains local to your browser. Community features such as ON AIR, global usage statistics, 73! and the optional Weekly Leaderboard use lightweight shared realtime data only where needed.
🌐 Live Demo
https://zp5dxs.github.io/morse-practice/
Hello!
My name is Mathias Maidana (ZP5DXS) 🇵🇾.
I'm an Amateur Radio operator from Paraguay and a passionate CW enthusiast.
I'm currently a student of the Long Island CW Club (LICW), where I discovered how enjoyable and rewarding learning Morse code can be thanks to incredible instructors and an amazing worldwide community.
Morse Practice is an independent personal project that was born during that learning journey.
The original goal was very simple:
"Open a browser and start practicing immediately."
I wanted something that could be used from the very beginning — even before owning a key, paddle or oscillator.
Over time, the project evolved into a complete browser-based CW training environment.
Today you can use it to:
- Learn Morse characters
- Follow a complete progressive Koch course
- Complete cumulative listening Challenges
- Practice sending
- Practice receiving
- Hear how text should sound in CW
- Decode your own sending
- Practice with a straight key or paddle
- Use a mouse, keyboard or touchscreen
- Race against yourself
- Create lessons from your own text
- Practice character by character
- Practice word by word
- Track your progress
- Identify your weakest characters
- Generate practice based on your mistakes
- Complete daily sending exercises
- Adjust Farnsworth character spacing
- Practice live with other operators around the world
- Practice complete simulated QSOs
- Train basic, intermediate and advanced exchanges
- Practice POTA exchanges
- Practice SKCC exchanges
- Experience QSB, QRM and repeat requests
- Practice copying and responding to different CW operating styles
- Monitor your activity from a unified Statistics dashboard
- Practice with all visual CW clues hidden using Audio Only mode
- Add a controlled amount of simulated receiver/band noise
- Change the complete visual accent theme of the platform
- See global community statistics
- Send a simple 73! to the project
- Join an optional weekly CW leaderboard and compare your progress with other operators
- Use one global callsign across ON AIR, Leaderboard and Rewards
- Unlock cosmetic rewards for progress, streaks and community memberships
- See how many SKCC and LICW members are using Morse Practice
- Invert DIT and DAH when using a paddle
- Challenge another operator in realtime CW Duel
- Play CW Invaders in TX or RX mode
- Play CW Battleship at 12, 18 or 25 WPM
- Take the World Record / Ben’s Best Bent Wire continuous-speed challenge
- Run CW Racer as a fixed Sprint or a 30/60/120-second Timed race
- Organize the desktop workspace by reordering or hiding modules without changing their underlying functions
- Find a random Duel opponent or challenge a specific available operator
- Use the global text Chat and optionally copy incoming messages by ear in CW
And you can do all of this directly from a browser.
If this project helps even one new operator get closer to CW, practice a little more, or simply have fun sending Morse code, then it has already achieved its purpose.
73!
Learning Morse code should not require expensive equipment.
Whether you own:
- a professional paddle,
- a straight key,
- an Arduino,
- a USB adapter,
- an old mouse,
- a wireless mouse,
- a tablet,
- a phone,
- or just a laptop...
...you should be able to practice CW.
Morse Practice is designed around that idea.
You can start with absolutely nothing except a browser and gradually move toward real keys, paddles and radio equipment as your skills improve.
✔ Computer Keyboard
✔ USB Mouse
✔ Wireless Mouse
✔ Touch Screen
✔ Straight Key
✔ Paddle / Iambic Paddle
✔ Commercial USB Adapters
✔ DIY USB Adapters
✔ Arduino USB HID
✔ VBand-style keyboard interfaces
✔ Left / Right Ctrl paddle input
✔ [ / ] bracket paddle input
✔ Adjustable Sidetone Frequency
✔ Adjustable Volume
✔ Adjustable WPM
✔ Adjustable Character Spacing / Farnsworth
✔ Adjustable Word Spacing
✔ Adjustable Band Noise from 0–30%
✔ Real-time Tone Generation
✔ Local browser audio
The CW tone is generated directly by your browser, providing immediate feedback while sending.
Band Noise is also generated locally with the browser audio engine. It adds a filtered noise bed intended to make listening feel a little closer to an HF receiver without requiring any external audio files.
Morse Practice separates character speed from character spacing.
This is especially useful for beginners.
The selected WPM controls the real speed of the Morse character itself.
For example, the DITs and DAHs of:
K
-.-
continue to sound at the selected WPM.
The Character Spacing / Farnsworth control adds additional time between characters without slowing down the internal rhythm of each character.
This allows you to learn the sound of complete Morse characters at a realistic speed while giving your brain additional time to recognize them.
Example:
Normal spacing:
K M R A
Farnsworth spacing:
K M R A
The characters themselves are not stretched.
Only the silence between them changes.
Word spacing remains independently adjustable.
The global WPM, Farnsworth spacing and word spacing are used throughout the platform where applicable, including:
- Text → CW
- CW Racer
- Daily
- Custom Lessons
- Koch Course
- Koch Challenges
- QSO Bot playback
Morse Practice includes an optional global Band Noise control.
The slider ranges from:
0% → 30%
At 0%, the platform behaves exactly like a clean CW oscillator.
Increasing the level adds filtered local noise behind the CW tone to create a more radio-like listening environment.
The noise is generated directly in the browser using Web Audio.
No external sound file is streamed or downloaded.
This feature is intentionally simple:
- It does not simulate an entire receiver
- It does not automatically create QRM
- It does not change your CW timing
- It does not modify decoded text
- It simply adds a controllable background noise layer
The selected Band Noise level is remembered locally by your browser.
✔ Real-time Morse Decoder
✔ Text → CW Playback
✔ CW → Text Decoding
✔ Keyboard Practice
✔ Straight Key Practice
✔ Paddle Practice
✔ Mouse Practice
✔ Touch Practice
✔ Visual DIT/DAH Assistance
✔ Audio Only / Ear-Only Practice
✔ Hold W to Peek
✔ Mobile Friendly
The main trainer can be used simply as a CW oscillator or as a complete sending practice environment.
Simply visit:
https://zp5dxs.github.io/morse-practice/
Choose your preferred input method and start practicing immediately.
For your first practice session, you can use nothing more than:
- your keyboard,
- your mouse,
- or your phone screen.
No Morse key is required.
Select:
Straight Key
You can operate using:
- Mouse
- Touch Screen
- Keyboard
- Straight Key
- USB Adapter
Press to transmit.
Release to stop.
The duration of your press determines whether the signal is interpreted as a DIT or DAH.
This makes Straight Key mode ideal for practicing your actual sending rhythm.
Select:
Paddle
Desktop users can operate with a mouse or compatible hardware paddle.
On mobile devices, the keying area automatically becomes a two-sided paddle.
🔵 Left → DIT
🟢 Right → DAH
The application supports simultaneous touches, allowing iambic operation directly from a touchscreen.
This means a phone or tablet can become a simple virtual CW paddle.
When Paddle mode is selected, Morse Practice also provides an optional:
Invert DIT / DAH
control in the keying area.
This swaps the paddle sides:
Normal:
Left → DIT
Right → DAH
Inverted:
Left → DAH
Right → DIT
This is useful for left-handed operators and for physical paddles or USB interfaces wired in the opposite orientation.
The setting affects paddle input only and can be changed at any time.
Morse Practice is designed to work on mobile devices.
You can practice directly from:
- Android phones
- iPhones
- Tablets
- Touchscreen computers
This makes short practice sessions possible almost anywhere.
Waiting somewhere for five minutes?
Open Morse Practice and run a short CW Race.
Want to exchange some Morse with another operator?
Join ON AIR.
Want to hear how a callsign or word sounds?
Type it and press Play CW.
Want to practice a simulated contact?
Start the QSO Bot.
Want to continue learning characters progressively?
Open the Koch Course.
The idea is to make CW practice something you can do whenever you have a few free minutes.
Type any text into the text box.
Press:
▶ Play CW
The application transmits the message using your currently selected:
- WPM
- Tone
- Volume
- Character spacing / Farnsworth
- Word spacing
This is useful for quickly hearing how:
- Callsigns
- Words
- Abbreviations
- Phrases
- QSO exchanges
sound in Morse code.
Everything you transmit can be decoded in real time.
This provides immediate visual feedback while practicing.
It is especially useful for beginners because you can instantly compare what you intended to send with what the application actually decoded.
The decoder also recognizes supported punctuation and common prosigns such as:
- AR
- BT
- SK
- AS
- SOS
Visual Morse symbols can be enabled or disabled globally.
When enabled, the application displays the DITs and DAHs as you transmit.
For example:
. - . .
Beginners may find this useful while learning the relationship between keying and Morse patterns.
More experienced operators can disable visual assistance and practice entirely by ear.
The same setting also affects training modules such as CW Racer Learn and Koch, so the visual Morse pattern can be hidden throughout the platform.
For operators who want to practice completely by ear, Morse Practice includes a global:
Audio Only
mode.
When Audio Only is enabled, the application continues decoding and processing CW internally, but hides visual information that could reveal what is being transmitted.
Depending on the active module, this can include:
- DIT / DAH patterns
- Decoded characters
- Characters you are sending
- Koch target characters
- CW Racer visual answers
- Custom Lesson target information
- QSO Bot transmitted text
- QSO Bot callsign hints
- ON AIR transmitting operator identification while the transmission is active
- The callsign in the ON AIR Channel Busy indication
The important point is:
The CW engine still knows what happened. The user simply does not see the answer.
This means evaluation, statistics, QSO interpretation, Koch progression and other internal logic continue working normally.
When Audio Only is active, Visual Aid is temporarily forced off.
When Audio Only is disabled, your previous Visual Aid preference is restored.
While Audio Only is active, you can hold:
W
for a temporary visual peek.
The hidden information becomes visible only while the key is held.
Release W and the interface returns immediately to Audio Only mode.
This is useful when you want to check what you copied without permanently turning visual assistance back on.
On text-entry fields, the W key remains available for normal typing.
Morse Practice can turn almost any text into a structured CW lesson.
Paste your text into the main text area and activate:
Custom Lesson
You can choose between two modes:
- Character by Character
- Word by Word
This makes it possible to build personalized exercises without creating lesson files or configuring a database.
The lesson breaks the pasted text into individual Morse characters.
For example:
RADIO
becomes:
R
A
D
I
O
The application presents each target and waits for you to transmit it.
Your sending is evaluated using the same timing and accuracy system used by CW Racer.
Good character and timing.
The Morse sequence is correct but your timing can be improved.
The character must be repeated.
Each result contributes to your global character statistics.
Word Mode uses complete words as training units.
For example:
CQ POTA DE ZP5DXS
becomes:
CQ
POTA
DE
ZP5DXS
The application plays or presents the word and expects you to transmit the complete word.
Every character inside the word is evaluated individually.
If a character is incorrect, the system can identify the position of the error and repeat the complete word.
This is especially useful for practicing:
- Callsigns
- Common QSO words
- Abbreviations
- Contest exchanges
- POTA exchanges
- SKCC exchanges
- Class exercises
- Technical vocabulary
- Personal practice texts
The original pasted text remains available while you practice.
CW Racer turns Morse practice into an interactive training system.
Instead of simply listening to characters, you must send them yourself.
The objective is to combine:
- Character recognition
- Auditory memory
- Actual keying
- Timing
- Accuracy
- Consistency
CW Racer contains three dedicated training sections:
- 🎓 Learn
- 🏁 Race
- 📅 Daily
Statistics are available through the independent 📊 Statistics module.
Learn Mode is designed for practicing individual Morse characters.
Select a character group:
- Letters
- Numbers
- Punctuation
- Prosigns
- Mixed
The application presents a character and waits for you to transmit it.
For example:
A
.-
If global Visual Aid is disabled, the Morse pattern is hidden.
You can optionally:
🔊 Hear the character in Morse
or
🗣 Hear the character spoken by your device
Then transmit it using your selected input method.
The application analyzes your transmission and provides immediate feedback.
CW Racer uses a simple visual scoring system.
The character was transmitted correctly with good timing.
+1 point
The trainer moves to the next character.
The Morse sequence was correct, but your DIT/DAH timing could be improved.
+0.5 points
The trainer continues while recording that character as one that may need additional practice.
The character was transmitted incorrectly.
0 points
The character must be repeated.
This creates a simple learning loop:
See → Hear → Send → Receive Feedback → Improve
Race Mode transforms CW sending practice into a challenge.
Choose your character set:
- Letters
- Numbers
- Punctuation
- Prosigns
- Mixed
Then select the race length:
- 20 characters
- 50 characters
- 100 characters
Press:
🏁 Start Race
The application presents characters one after another.
Your objective is to transmit them as accurately as possible.
Each race has a fixed number of exercises and automatically ends when the selected distance is completed.
At the end of the race, Morse Practice displays your result.
Example:
🏁
Final Score: 43.5 / 50
Best Similar Race: 46 / 50
Your best result is compared against races using the same:
- Character category
- Race length
- WPM
This means you can gradually compete against your own previous performance.
The objective is not simply speed.
The objective is:
Speed + Accuracy + Consistency
The Daily section provides structured sending exercises that can be repeated regularly as a CW warm-up.
It is based on the Morse sending exercise created by Bob Carter, WR7Q.
The Daily module contains three sections:
Short patterns designed to get your hand moving and establish rhythm before more complex sending.
Structured sequences designed to practice transitions between different Morse characters.
Longer and more demanding sequences combining characters, numbers, punctuation and prosigns.
The objective is not to race.
The objective is to develop:
- Rhythm
- Consistency
- Character transitions
- Accurate spacing
- Reliable sending
If you make a mistake during a Daily unit, repeat the unit and try again.
Daily can be useful as a regular warm-up before:
- CW practice
- LICW sessions
- Getting on the air
- Contests
- POTA activations
- Ragchewing
- Straight-key practice
Results also contribute to your character statistics.
Exercise by WR7Q
Morse Practice now includes several game-style activities designed to turn sending and receiving practice into short, repeatable challenges. They use the same CW engine and global practice settings where applicable.
An arcade-style Morse game with dedicated TX and RX modes. Choose letters, numbers, mixed characters or common CW words, select a difficulty level, and try to clear incoming targets while building score and preserving your lives.
A naval-themed CW challenge that combines copying and sending inside a visual battle scenario. Three preset levels are available: Cadet (12 WPM), Operator (18 WPM) and Contester (25 WPM). The game tracks score, combo, waves, lives and ships sunk.
A continuous-speed sending challenge inspired by the classic Ben’s Best Bent Wire exercise. It includes a normal Practice mode and a Ranked mode for competitive attempts. The objective is to keep the sequence moving accurately as speed and pressure increase.
CW Racer now offers two race formats. Sprint keeps the traditional fixed distances of 20, 50 or 100 characters, while Timed gives you 30, 60 or 120 seconds to send as accurately as possible.
On wider desktop screens, Morse Practice uses a modular workspace. Training and community modules can be reordered or hidden from the desktop module rail, allowing each operator to keep the tools they use most within easy reach. This is a layout feature only: hiding or moving a module does not remove its data or change its internal logic.
Morse Practice includes a complete progressive Koch-style CW learning course.
The objective is different from CW Racer.
CW Racer lets you choose what you want to practice.
Koch Course provides a structured path from the beginning to the complete character set.
The course contains:
✔ 40 progressive lessons
✔ Listening practice
✔ Sending practice
✔ Progressive character introduction
✔ Cumulative review
✔ Three-star scoring
✔ Local progress storage
✔ Automatic level unlocking
✔ Periodic CW Challenges
✔ Integration with global Statistics
The first lesson begins with a very small character set.
New characters are introduced gradually.
Conceptually:
Lesson 01
K + M
Lesson 02
K M + U
Lesson 03
K M U + R
Lesson 04
K M U R + E
and so on.
Each lesson continues reviewing characters from previous lessons while introducing the new one.
The new character receives additional exposure so that it does not become lost inside the growing character pool.
Each Koch lesson begins with a Listen and Send block.
The application sends a character in Morse.
You do not simply identify it visually.
You must copy it by ear and then transmit that same character yourself.
Conceptually:
Browser sends:
-.-
You recognize:
K
and then transmit:
-.-
The application evaluates both the character and your sending timing.
This combines:
- Morse reception
- Character recognition
- Auditory memory
- Actual sending
After the transmission section, the lesson changes to pure reception practice.
The application plays a Morse character.
You choose the character you heard from the available options.
For example:
🔊 MORSE AUDIO
[K] [M]
[U] [R]
Only characters already learned in the course are used as normal lesson options.
This keeps the course progressive and avoids testing characters that have not yet been introduced.
Each lesson receives between zero and three stars.
Approximately 70% or better.
Approximately 80% or better.
90% or better.
Achieving 90% is the mastery target used to unlock the next Koch lesson.
Example:
Lesson 08
Accuracy: 93%
⭐⭐⭐
Next lesson unlocked
If the result is lower, the lesson can simply be repeated.
Your best result is saved locally.
Every three Koch lessons, Morse Practice provides a cumulative CW Challenge.
These Challenges focus entirely on reception.
They do not introduce new characters.
Instead, they test how well you remember everything learned so far.
Example:
Lessons 01–03
↓
🎧 CW Challenge 01
Later:
Lessons 04–06
↓
🎧 CW Challenge 02
Each Challenge uses characters from the complete set learned up to that checkpoint.
Recent characters receive somewhat more exposure, while earlier characters continue to appear.
This helps prevent older characters from being forgotten as the course grows.
A Challenge contains a series of listening exercises.
The application sends a character and provides up to four choices.
Example:
🔊
[C] [K]
[R] [N]
Choose the character you copied.
Challenge performance is scored using the same star system.
Unlike the normal Koch lessons, Challenges are diagnostic checkpoints and do not block your progress through the course.
Their purpose is to answer a simple question:
Am I still copying the characters I learned earlier?
After progressing through the course, a final cumulative listening challenge becomes available.
This provides an opportunity to review the complete learned character set.
The Koch Course therefore creates a complete progression:
Learn
↓
Listen
↓
Send
↓
Review
↓
Challenge
↓
Add new characters
↓
Repeat
until the complete course is finished.
Koch progress is stored locally in your browser.
The application remembers:
- Current lesson
- Unlocked lessons
- Best lesson accuracy
- Stars earned
- Completed Challenges
- Challenge scores
- Course completion
No account or cloud database is required.
You can reset the course at any time using:
Reset Koch Progress
Statistics are no longer limited to CW Racer.
The independent Statistics module acts as the central local progress dashboard for Morse Practice.
Opening or closing Statistics does not interrupt:
- ON AIR
- QSO Bot
- Koch
- Racer
- Other practice modes
It is purely a visual dashboard.
The most important part of Statistics remains individual character performance.
Each character develops its own local profile based on your practice.
Characters are displayed using the familiar system:
🟢 Strong
🟡 Needs improvement
🔴 Weak
Performance can be influenced by activities such as:
- CW Racer Learn
- CW Racer Race
- Daily
- Custom Lessons
- Koch lessons
- Koch listening exercises
- Koch Challenges
This means your statistics gradually become a broader picture of your real CW strengths and weaknesses.
One of the most useful features of the Statistics module is adaptive practice.
Select:
🧠 Learn From My Mistakes
Morse Practice analyzes your local character statistics and builds a lesson that gives greater priority to weaker characters.
For example:
A 🟢
N 🟢
K 🟢
F 🟡
Q 🔴
Y 🔴
The adaptive practice session will give greater priority to:
Q
Y
F
while still periodically checking stronger characters such as:
A
N
K
The objective is to gradually balance your character proficiency.
Because Custom Lessons, Koch and other evaluated exercises also feed the character statistics, the adaptive trainer can learn from mistakes made across multiple parts of the platform.
Statistics also includes a compact activity overview.
The dashboard can track activity across modules such as:
- CW Racer
- Daily
- Koch Lessons
- Koch Challenges
- Custom Lessons
- Simulated QSOs
The local Statistics dashboard is focused on your own progress.
It provides a quick visual indication of how you are using Morse Practice.
A separate optional Weekly Leaderboard is available for operators who want a community challenge.
Statistics are stored directly in your browser.
This means:
- No account
- No login
- No cloud database
- No personal information required
Your browser remembers your progress automatically.
You can reset your statistics at any time using:
Reset Statistics
In addition to your private local Statistics dashboard, Morse Practice displays a small set of global community statistics.
These numbers represent the accumulated activity of the Morse Practice community, not your personal statistics.
The footer can display values such as:
🌐 Morse Practice — Community Statistics
👥 Unique visitors
🌎 Countries
⏱ Total practice hours
⚔️ CW Duels
❤️ 73!
Each browser receives a random anonymous local identifier.
This allows the community counter to estimate unique browsers without requiring:
- Registration
- Login
- Name
- Callsign
The identifier is stored locally in the browser.
Morse Practice can use a lightweight country lookup to count how many different countries have used the platform.
The global counter stores the country code needed for aggregation.
It is not intended to create personal location profiles.
This number is the accumulated active practice time of all participating browsers.
It is not simply the amount of time the page has been left open.
Practice time is accumulated only while recent training/keying activity is detected.
So:
⏱ 420.5 total practice hours
means approximately 420.5 hours practiced collectively by the Morse Practice community.
It does not mean that you personally practiced 420.5 hours.
The footer also includes a global accumulated CW Duel counter.
Each completed Duel contributes to this community total.
Unlike the Weekly Leaderboard, this value is not intended to reset every week. It represents the accumulated number of completed battles recorded by the shared community statistics.
The footer also includes a simple global appreciation button:
❤️ 73!
Each browser can send it once.
It is simply a small community gesture — the amateur-radio version of a lightweight “like”.
No account is required.
Morse Practice also includes an optional Weekly Leaderboard.
The Leaderboard is separate from your private Statistics dashboard.
You can open it simply to see the current ranking without participating.
Participation is voluntary.
To join, enter your:
Callsign
and submit it to the weekly ranking.
The platform can then display:
- Weekly position
- Weekly points
- Current/best streak used by the ranking
- Callsign
- Country flag when available
- Other participating operators
The weekly ranking uses a new week identifier automatically, so each new week begins a new comparison period.
Your detailed training history remains local.
Only the compact information required for the leaderboard is shared.
Weekly points are derived from local activity during the current week.
The current scoring model combines several transparent activity sources:
- +1 for each correct CW Racer character
- +1 for each active practice minute
- +20 for each completed simulated QSO
- +5 for each completed CW Duel
- +10 additional points for each Duel win
Competitive correct-answer streaks from CW Racer and CW Duel can also update the weekly streak shown in the ranking.
The objective is not to reward WPM alone.
It is intended to reward regular practice, accuracy and participation.
If you are already participating, you can choose:
Change Callsign
and enter a different callsign.
Your local practice data remains on the same browser.
Future leaderboard updates use the newly selected callsign.
You can also choose:
Leave Leaderboard
at any time.
This stops that browser from publishing new weekly leaderboard updates.
A result that was already published during the current week may remain visible to other users until that weekly dataset is no longer the active one.
You can rejoin later with the same callsign or a different callsign.
No account is created.
The Weekly Leaderboard is a friendly practice feature, not an official contest or award system.
Morse Practice uses a single operator callsign across community-oriented features.
In Spanish the field is shown as:
Indicativo
In English:
Callsign
The objective is simple: you should not have to enter the same callsign separately in different modules.
The saved operator identity can be reused by:
- ON AIR
- CW Duel
- Global Chat
- Weekly Leaderboard
- Rewards
- Other community features that may need an operator identity
You can edit it at any time.
Changing the callsign does not reset your local CW training statistics or Koch progress.
Morse Practice includes an optional Rewards system.
Rewards are cosmetic.
They do not provide:
- Extra points
- Easier exercises
- Hidden CW assistance
- Competitive advantages
Instead, achievements unlock visual themes and small status markers.
The idea is simple:
Practice and participation unlock cosmetics — never advantages.
The Rewards module shows which achievements are locked and which have already been completed.
If you are already a member of the Straight Key Century Club, you can add your SKCC number inside Rewards.
The number is stored locally in your browser.
Adding it unlocks:
🔑 Brass Key
a dark brass / vintage key-inspired theme.
The Rewards module can also show the total number of Morse Practice users who have identified themselves as SKCC members.
For example:
SKCC #31269
84 members aboard
This count refers only to SKCC members who have added their membership inside Morse Practice.
It is not the total membership of SKCC.
You can edit or remove your SKCC number at any time.
If you remove it:
- The SKCC reward becomes locked again
- Brass Key becomes unavailable
- If Brass Key is currently active, Morse Practice returns to the default Blue theme
Students and members of the Long Island CW Club can add their LICW number inside Rewards.
Adding it unlocks:
🌊 LICW Night
a blue / cyan theme inspired by the LICW community.
Like SKCC, the Rewards module can display how many Morse Practice users have identified themselves as LICW members:
LICW #12345
42 members aboard
The membership number itself remains a local preference.
You can edit or remove it at any time.
Removing the number disables the corresponding reward theme.
Operators who add both an SKCC number and an LICW number unlock:
📻 CW Heritage
This theme is intended as a small tribute to two communities strongly connected with learning, practicing and preserving CW.
If either membership is removed later, CW Heritage becomes locked again.
Completing all cumulative Koch Challenges unlocks:
🎧 Master Copy
This reward recognizes progression through the complete listening-review path of the Koch course.
It is tied to Koch Challenge completion rather than raw WPM.
Practicing on 7 consecutive days unlocks:
🟢 Signal Green
The streak is based on actual active-practice days recorded locally by Morse Practice.
It is a calendar-day streak:
Day 1
Day 2
Day 3
...
Day 7
Missing a day breaks the active streak.
The reward is not based on your best CW Racer character streak.
It represents consistent practice over multiple days.
Practicing on 30 consecutive days unlocks:
🌙 Night Operator
This is intended as one of the more demanding long-term rewards.
Like the 7-day reward, it is based on consecutive active-practice days rather than speed or score.
Reaching the Top 10 of the Weekly Leaderboard unlocks the:
🏅 Top 10 Operator
achievement.
This is primarily a recognition badge rather than another theme.
The Weekly Leaderboard remains informal and should be treated as a friendly community challenge rather than an official contest.
When a reward is unlocked, Morse Practice displays a small visual notification.
If several achievements unlock at almost the same time, they are displayed one after another rather than overlapping.
For example, adding a second community membership may unlock:
LICW Reward
↓
CW Heritage
Each notification receives its own display time.
In addition to the standard themes, Rewards can unlock:
- 🔑 Brass Key — SKCC membership
- 🌊 LICW Night — LICW membership
- 📻 CW Heritage — SKCC + LICW
- 🎧 Master Copy — all Koch Challenges
- 🟢 Signal Green — 7-day practice streak
- 🌙 Night Operator — 30-day practice streak
Locked reward themes remain visible in the theme selector with a lock indicator.
This allows operators to see what can still be earned.
QSO Bot allows you to practice complete simulated CW contacts directly in your browser.
Instead of following a fixed text lesson, you interact with a simulated radio operator.
The bot calls CQ.
You answer using Morse.
The application decodes your transmission, identifies the information you sent, and generates the next part of the QSO.
The objective is not to memorize one exact exchange.
The objective is to practice understanding and participating in a real CW conversation.
Several operating scenarios are available.
Designed for operators beginning to make complete CW contacts.
Typical information includes:
- Callsign
- RST
- Name
- QTH
- Basic greetings
- 73
The exchange is intentionally flexible.
You do not have to transmit every field using one exact sentence.
For example:
UR RST 579 NAME MATT QTH ASUNCION BK
or:
R R TNX
579
NAME MATT
QTH ASUNCION
KN
can both represent valid information.
Intermediate contacts can include additional station information such as:
- Rig
- Power
- Antenna
- Operating conditions
- Additional conversational exchanges
For example:
RIG TS590
PWR 100W
ANT VERTICAL
BK
The QSO Bot attempts to extract the useful information from your complete transmission rather than requiring one rigid template.
Advanced practice introduces more uncertainty and more conversational exchanges.
The bot may request repetitions, ask about information already exchanged, or create situations where copying and responding become more important than simply completing a predefined sequence.
The goal is to reduce the feeling of a scripted exercise.
POTA mode simulates a simple Parks on the Air style exchange.
The bot can call:
CQ POTA CQ POTA DE W1ABC W1ABC K
You can answer naturally:
W1ABC DE ZP5DXS K
or simply:
ZP5DXS
The exchange then proceeds using callsigns, reports and park-style operating procedure.
POTA practice is intentionally faster and more concise than a normal conversational QSO.
SKCC mode provides practice for Straight Key Century Club style CW exchanges.
The simulated operator can exchange:
- Callsign
- RST
- Name
- QTH / SPC
- SKCC number
- Key type
Supported key descriptions include common manual-key terminology such as:
- ST — Straight Key
- BUG
- SS / Cootie
The QSO Bot recognizes that operators do not always transmit every field in exactly the same order.
The QSO Bot is designed to accept normal CW procedure rather than requiring a form.
For example, if the bot is:
K1ABC
and your callsign is:
ZP5DXS
you may answer:
K1ABC DE ZP5DXS K
The application understands the conventional meaning of DE:
K1ABC DE ZP5DXS
│ │
│ └── Station transmitting
│
└── Station being called
Therefore:
K1ABC DE ZP5DXS
means:
ZP5DXS is transmitting to K1ABC.
This is important because both callsigns may appear in the same transmission.
The parser uses normal CW syntax to distinguish them.
You can use normal CW procedural markers.
Examples:
UR RST 579 NAME MATT BK
QTH ASUNCION KN
RIG TS590 ANT VERTICAL K
These may also be used when appropriate.
Explicit turn markers are useful because the bot knows immediately that your transmission is complete.
You do not need to send everything without stopping.
For example:
NAME MATT
[pause]
QTH ASUNCION
[pause]
RIG TS590
BK
The bot uses a two-stage silence system.
A short pause is treated as a possible pause inside your transmission.
It waits before assuming you have finished.
If you send:
BK
KN
K
AR
SK
the bot can recognize a clear handover and respond much faster.
This allows more natural sending without forcing the operator to rush.
Not every QSO Bot behaves exactly the same.
Each simulated QSO receives a persistent operator style.
Possible styles include operators who are:
- Brief
- Friendly
- Traditional / old-school
- Conversational
- Contest-like
One operator may prefer:
BK
while another may frequently use:
KN
Some may say:
TNX CALL
Others may use:
GM TNX FER CALL
or:
FB OM TNX CALL
Some operators will close quickly.
Others may continue the conversation and ask about:
RIG?
ANT?
PWR?
WX?
HW CPY?
The selected personality remains consistent during that QSO.
This helps make repeated practice less predictable.
Real CW contacts are not always perfect.
For this reason, the QSO Bot can occasionally introduce simple simulated radio problems.
You may hear:
SRY QSB RST AGN PSE
or:
SRY VY QRM AGN PSE
or:
QRM HR PSE RPT
or:
SRY WEAK SIG AGN PSE
or simply:
AGN PSE
These events occur only occasionally.
They are designed to practice something extremely important in real CW:
Recovering from an imperfect copy.
After a successful repeat, the simulated operator may answer naturally:
R R FB
and continue the QSO.
The intention is not to make every contact difficult.
Most QSOs remain normal, while occasional QSB, QRM or repeat requests introduce uncertainty.
QSO Bot can optionally use a local language model to help interpret flexible CW exchanges.
Activate:
Local AI
The model is loaded only when requested.
The first activation may require downloading the model files.
Afterward, the browser can cache them locally.
No AI account or API key is required.
Traditional parsers work very well when the input follows predictable structures:
RST 579
NAME MATT
QTH ASUNCION
Real operators, however, may send:
R R TNX UR 579 HR MATT ASUNCION BK
or:
FB CPY MATT HR ASUNCION RIG TS590 100W VERTICAL KN
The Local AI layer helps interpret these less rigid exchanges.
The goal is not to allow AI to control everything.
Instead, Morse Practice combines deterministic CW rules with AI-assisted interpretation.
The Local AI indicator shows what the model is doing.
AI is disabled.
The local model is being loaded.
On first use, the browser may need to download and cache the model.
The model is loaded and ready.
The model is currently interpreting your completed CW transmission.
The AI model could not be loaded or is unavailable.
The QSO Bot can still use its normal deterministic parser when AI is unavailable.
Morse Practice includes a lightweight global text Chat that is independent from both ON AIR and CW Duel.
The Chat is available while you use the rest of the platform and can be expanded or collapsed at any time.
When expanded, it shows the number of operators currently present in the Chat.
You can send a message by typing normally and pressing Enter or Send.
The saved global callsign is used as your Chat identity when available.
Every Chat message includes a small speaker button.
Press it to replay that message locally as Morse code using the current CW audio settings.
After the CW playback finishes successfully, a ✓ appears beside the message to indicate that it has already been heard in CW.
Enable:
Auto CW
to automatically play new incoming Chat messages in Morse.
Messages are placed in a queue and reproduced:
Message 1
↓
short pause
↓
Message 2
↓
short pause
↓
Message 3
They are not played over one another.
Turning Auto CW off stops automatic Chat playback and clears the pending automatic playback queue. It does not reveal hidden text or delete messages.
You can still use the speaker button to replay individual messages manually.
Enable:
Hide Text
to hide the text of all currently displayed Chat messages.
This provides a simple reception exercise:
Incoming message
↓
Text hidden
↓
Listen in CW
↓
Copy by ear
Hide Text and Auto CW are independent.
For example:
- Hide Text ON + Auto CW ON — incoming messages become an automatic CW copying exercise
- Hide Text ON + Auto CW OFF — choose manually which messages to hear
- Hide Text OFF + Auto CW ON — read the normal Chat while also hearing new messages
- Both OFF — conventional text Chat
The Chat does not replace ON AIR. ON AIR carries actual realtime keying events, while Chat is intended for lightweight written communication and coordination.
CW Duel is a realtime head-to-head Morse copying game between two operators.
It is independent from ON AIR.
When you enter Duel mode, Morse Practice uses your saved global callsign and places you in the Duel lobby.
ON AIR and Duel are mutually exclusive so that a battle does not transmit keying into the worldwide ON AIR room.
Three fixed speed categories are available:
- 8 WPM
- 15 WPM
- 20 WPM
The default Duel speed is 15 WPM.
Operators can only challenge opponents using the same selected speed.
Inside the Duel lobby you can:
- Allow or disable incoming challenges
- Challenge a specific available operator
- Search for a random opponent
- Accept or decline a challenge
This makes it possible either to meet a specific friend or simply find another available operator.
A Duel contains:
30 Morse characters
using letters and numbers.
For each round:
- Morse Practice sends one character in CW.
- No DIT / DAH visual aid is shown.
- Four possible answers appear.
- You select the character you copied.
- You have a maximum of 5 seconds to answer.
The same 30-round challenge is evaluated independently for both operators.
The keying area temporarily becomes the Duel arena while the battle is active.
After all 30 characters, the winner is determined in this order:
- More correct answers
- If tied, best correct-answer streak 🔥 during that Duel
- If still tied, lower total response time
Conceptually:
Accuracy
↓ tie
Best streak
↓ tie
Total response time
This keeps the game focused primarily on correct CW copy, using consistency and speed only as tie-breakers.
Each character has a maximum response window of approximately 5 seconds.
If no answer is selected before the timer expires, that round is counted without a correct response and the Duel continues.
This prevents an abandoned question from stopping the complete battle.
A Duel can be abandoned while it is in progress.
The other operator is notified and the active battle is closed instead of remaining permanently stuck waiting for a response.
When both operators finish, the result screen shows:
- Correct answers
- Best streak
- Total response time
- Winner
You can then:
- Request a rematch
- Find a new opponent
- Return to the Duel lobby
- Exit Duel mode
Completed Duels contribute to the global Duel counter.
They also participate in the current Weekly Leaderboard scoring system.
ON AIR allows Morse Practice users to practice CW together over the Internet.
Activate:
ON AIR
to join the worldwide practice room.
When ON AIR is active, the interface provides a stronger visual indication that you are connected: the ON AIR state changes to red and a small live indicator appears in the keying area. This helps make it obvious that your keying can currently be heard by other operators.
No account is required.
Name remains optional. When you save a global operator callsign, ON AIR can reuse that same callsign instead of requiring it again.
Unlike voice chat, Morse Practice does not stream audio.
Instead, it exchanges keying events.
Essentially:
KEY DOWN
↓
Timing transmitted
↓
Internet
↓
Remote browser
↓
Tone generated locally
↓
KEY UP
This allows another operator to hear the timing of your actual keying without transmitting an audio stream.
The receiving browser generates its own sidetone using its local audio configuration.
When ON AIR is active, the application displays operators currently connected to the room.
For example:
🟢 Online
🇵🇾 ZP5DXS
🇺🇾 CX7BBB
🇦🇷 LU5FZ
🇺🇸 Guest-5A8C
This makes it possible to see when other people are available for practice.
Each operator in the room can be muted locally.
If someone accidentally leaves ON AIR enabled while practicing, you can simply mute that operator.
Muting someone affects only your browser.
It does not:
- Disconnect them
- Block them globally
- Affect other users
- Require an administrator
Every operator controls their own listening experience.
Interactive modes are intentionally separated.
When using training modes such as:
- CW Racer
- QSO Bot
- Custom Lesson
- Koch Course
- CW Duel
ON AIR is disabled so that training activity is not accidentally transmitted into the worldwide practice room.
Likewise, ON AIR is intended for real person-to-person practice rather than automated training.
The Statistics dashboard is visual only and does not affect ON AIR or other training modes.
This keeps each mode predictable and prevents training sessions from interfering with other operators.
ON AIR can be used for:
- Informal CW QSOs
- Student-to-student practice
- Instructor demonstrations
- Sending exercises
- Callsign practice
- Ragchewing practice
- Straight-key practice
- Paddle practice
- Group activities
Or simply for having fun with Morse code.
The concept is intentionally simple:
Open the browser, turn ON AIR on, and start sending.
Morse Practice supports both:
☀️ Light
and
🌙 Dark
appearance modes.
In addition, you can select a visual accent theme.
Available standard themes include:
- 🔵 Blue — original Morse Practice theme
- 🟢 Green
- 🟣 Purple
- 🩷 Pink
- 🎮 Game Boy
Additional themes can be unlocked through Rewards:
- 🔑 Brass Key
- 🌊 LICW Night
- 📻 CW Heritage
- 🎧 Master Copy
- 🟢 Signal Green
- 🌙 Night Operator
The standard color themes change the accent colors used throughout the interface while preserving the same layout and behavior.
Game Boy is a more complete retro skin.
It uses:
- Monochrome-inspired green tones
- Stronger pixel/terminal-style visual character
- Monospaced typography
- Squarer interface details
- A classic handheld-console-inspired palette
It is purely visual.
It does not change:
- CW timing
- Audio
- Decoder behavior
- Statistics
- QSO Bot
- ON AIR
- Training logic
Your Light/Dark preference and your selected theme are saved locally and restored automatically.
The interface supports:
🇺🇸 English
🇪🇸 Español
Your language preference is remembered automatically.
Training interface text, Daily instructions, Koch controls, Statistics, Custom Lessons, QSO Bot controls and other user-interface elements follow the selected language.
CW operating abbreviations such as:
CQ
DE
RST
QTH
BK
KN
AGN
PSE
QSB
QRM
TNX
TU
73
remain unchanged because they are part of normal international CW operating language.
One of the primary goals of this project is making Morse code available to everyone.
Learning CW should never depend on owning expensive hardware.
Almost anything capable of behaving like a keyboard or mouse can potentially become a CW interface.
A very inexpensive way to connect a real Morse key is to modify a standard USB mouse.
The mouse buttons already behave as digital inputs understood by the browser.
By connecting the contacts of a straight key or paddle to those switches, an inexpensive mouse can become a simple USB Morse interface.
This is particularly useful for beginners who want to start using a real key without purchasing a dedicated interface.
Example of a simple DIY interface made by adapting a standard USB mouse.
The same concept can be applied to inexpensive wireless mice.
Instead of connecting your Morse key directly to a computer, connect it to the button contacts of a wireless mouse.
The mouse receiver handles the USB communication.
This can create an extremely simple wireless Morse practice interface.
Microcontrollers with native USB HID support can emulate a computer keyboard or mouse.
Compatible boards include:
- Arduino Leonardo
- Arduino Micro
- Arduino Pro Micro
- Raspberry Pi Pico
- RP2040 boards
A straight key or paddle can be connected to the microcontroller.
The microcontroller then sends keyboard or mouse events to Morse Practice.
This allows you to build anything from a simple adapter to a custom CW training interface.
Commercial USB Morse interfaces can also be used.
If the interface presents the key or paddle as normal keyboard or mouse input, Morse Practice can use it directly.
Example of a commercial USB adapter that can connect a physical Morse key or paddle to a computer.
Morse Practice also accepts keyboard events commonly used by VBand-style interfaces.
In Paddle mode:
Left Ctrl → DIT
Right Ctrl → DAH
[ → DIT
] → DAH
This improves compatibility with interfaces that present a physical paddle as keyboard input rather than mouse buttons.
The existing mouse, touchscreen, keyboard and Arduino HID input methods remain available at the same time.
Morse Practice can be used as the software side of many experimental projects.
Possible ideas include:
- USB Straight Key Interfaces
- USB Paddle Interfaces
- Arduino Keyers
- RP2040 Interfaces
- Raspberry Pi Projects
- Wireless Mouse Key Interfaces
- ESP32 Projects
- Homemade Straight Keys
- Homemade Paddles
- 3D Printed Keys
- Accessibility Devices
- Classroom CW Stations
Experimentation is encouraged.
For anyone interested in the technical side, QSO Bot is not simply a chatbot connected to a Morse oscillator.
The system uses several layers.
The basic architecture is:
Your key / paddle
↓
Browser keying engine
↓
DIT / DAH timing
↓
Morse decoder
↓
Complete CW transmission
↓
CW-aware deterministic parser
↓
Optional Local AI interpretation
↓
QSO state machine
↓
Operator personality
↓
Protocol / scenario logic
↓
Response generator
↓
Morse encoder
↓
Local sidetone
This hybrid approach is intentional.
The QSO Bot does not receive microphone audio.
It receives the same decoded Morse information generated by the normal trainer.
Your actual keying is converted from:
KEY DOWN
KEY UP
into timing.
Timing becomes:
DIT
DAH
and those sequences become characters.
Characters become the complete CW transmission used by the QSO engine.
Before asking an AI model anything, Morse Practice first applies explicit CW rules.
This makes important radio procedures deterministic.
For example:
K1ABC DE ZP5DXS K
is interpreted according to CW syntax.
The station after:
DE
is understood as the transmitting station.
Therefore:
USER CALL = ZP5DXS
not K1ABC.
The deterministic parser also recognizes structured information such as:
RST
NAME
QTH
SKCC
KEY
RIG
PWR
ANT
and common CW shorthand.
Cut numbers are also normalized where appropriate.
For example:
5NN
can be interpreted as:
599
This deterministic layer is intentionally placed before the language model.
A language model should not have to guess something that normal CW procedure already defines clearly.
When Local AI is enabled, Morse Practice can use:
SmolLM2-135M-Instruct
as an additional interpretation layer.
The model runs locally in the browser through a browser-compatible machine-learning runtime.
When supported by the device, browser and graphics hardware, WebGPU can be used for acceleration.
A CPU/WASM path may be used when appropriate support is available.
The model is not used as a remote chatbot service.
There is:
- No OpenAI API
- No paid AI API
- No API key
- No external AI account required
The model files are downloaded when needed and may be cached by the browser.
The language model does not directly control the QSO.
Its main job is interpretation.
Suppose you transmit:
R R TNX BOB UR 579 HR MATT ASUNCION
RIG TS590 PWR 100W ANT VERTICAL BK
The deterministic parser extracts everything it can first.
If relevant information remains ambiguous, the AI can analyze the complete transmission and attempt to identify structured fields such as:
CALL
RST
NAME
QTH
RIG
PWR
ANT
SKCC
KEY
Conceptually:
Natural CW transmission
↓
Local language model
↓
Structured interpretation
↓
Validation
↓
QSO state
The language model therefore acts more like a local CW interpretation assistant than an unrestricted chatbot.
Because a language model can be creative.
A CW trainer should not be creative about facts you never transmitted.
For this reason, Morse Practice uses a hybrid architecture.
The system prefers:
Known CW rule
↓
Deterministic parser
↓
AI only when useful
rather than:
Everything
↓
AI guess
The application attempts to validate AI-extracted information against the transmission itself.
The objective is to reduce hallucination and prevent the bot from casually inventing user information.
For example, if you never transmitted:
NAME JOHN
the system should not simply decide that your name is John.
Running a language model after every Morse character would be inefficient and would create unnecessary delays.
Instead, Morse Practice waits for a complete transmission.
It first runs the fast deterministic parser.
The AI is invoked when additional interpretation can actually help.
This provides an important balance:
Simple exchange
→ Fast parser
→ Fast response
while:
Complex / unusual exchange
→ Parser
→ Local AI
→ Structured extraction
→ Response
This is one reason explicit CW handover markers such as:
BK
KN
K
are useful.
They tell the QSO engine that your transmission is complete.
Humans pause while sending.
A pause does not necessarily mean:
"My transmission is finished."
You might send:
NAME MATT
pause briefly and continue:
QTH ASUNCION
For this reason, QSO Bot uses a two-stage silence strategy.
Conceptually:
Last Morse character
↓
Short silence
↓
Possible pause inside transmission
↓
Additional waiting window
↓
No more CW?
↓
Process transmission
But if the application sees:
BK
KN
K
AR
SK
it has much stronger evidence that you intentionally returned the turn.
This allows the bot to respond quickly without constantly interrupting slower operators.
The QSO itself is controlled by a state machine.
Different scenarios expect different kinds of information.
For example:
CQ
↓
CALLSIGN
↓
RST
↓
NAME / QTH
↓
OPTIONAL INFORMATION
↓
73 / SK
But the state machine does not require all information to arrive one field at a time.
If you send several pieces of information in one transmission, they can be stored together.
For example:
UR 579 NAME MATT QTH ASUNCION RIG TS590 BK
may satisfy several parts of the QSO simultaneously.
This is what allows the exchange to feel less like completing a form.
Every simulated QSO can receive an operator personality when it begins.
That personality remains active for the complete contact.
The current system can represent styles such as:
TERSE
FRIENDLY
OLD-SCHOOL
CHATTY
CONTEST-LIKE
The personality influences things such as:
- Greeting style
- Amount of conversation
- Preference for BK / KN / K
- Probability of asking additional questions
- Closing style
A terse operator may send:
R R
TU
73
while a more conversational operator may use:
VY FB TNX FER CALL
and continue asking about the station.
This is intentionally lightweight.
The goal is not to simulate human psychology.
The goal is simply to stop every QSO from following exactly the same script.
Not every Basic QSO needs to finish immediately after exchanging RST, name and QTH.
Some simulated operators may continue with:
RIG?
or:
ANT?
or:
PWR?
or:
WX?
or:
HW CPY ME?
These branches occur probabilistically and are influenced by the simulated operator style.
This introduces variation without giving the language model unrestricted control over the protocol.
The QSO engine can occasionally introduce a radio-condition event.
Examples include:
QSB
QRM
WEAK SIG
AGN PSE
The response generator then produces realistic CW phrases such as:
SRY QSB RST AGN PSE
or:
SRY VY QRM AGN PSE
The event becomes part of the current QSO state.
The bot then waits for the operator to repeat the requested information.
After successful recovery it can continue with:
R R FB
This provides practice not only in sending perfect exchanges but also in repairing imperfect ones.
One important design principle is that AI interpretation and QSO response generation are separated.
The AI helps understand:
What did the operator transmit?
The QSO engine decides:
What should happen next?
And the response generator decides:
How should that intention be expressed in normal CW?
Conceptually:
AI interpretation
↓
INTENT
↓
QSO rules
↓
Controlled CW vocabulary
↓
Response
This prevents the language model from freely inventing arbitrary radio procedure.
It also makes the behavior easier to debug and improve.
The objective of QSO Bot is not to create an AI that happens to know Morse code.
The objective is to create a CW training simulator.
That means several things matter more than raw language-model capability:
- Correct CW procedure
- Predictable callsign interpretation
- Low latency
- Flexible exchanges
- Realistic variation
- No required cloud account
- Browser operation
- Privacy
- Repeatability
- Ability to work without AI when necessary
A relatively small local language model combined with explicit radio rules can therefore be more useful for this particular task than simply sending every transmission to a much larger general-purpose chatbot.
Local AI and QSO Bot are experimental features.
CW operating styles vary enormously between operators, countries, clubs and operating activities.
Real operators also make mistakes.
So does software.
The simulator should be considered a practice tool, not an authority on the only correct way to conduct a CW QSO.
Feedback, unusual exchanges and examples that confuse the parser are especially useful for improving the project.
Most Morse Practice functionality runs directly in your browser.
CW Racer statistics are stored locally.
Koch Course progress is stored locally.
Custom Lesson progress and character performance are processed locally.
Your theme, Audio Only, Visual Aid, Band Noise and other interface preferences are stored locally.
Local AI inference is designed to run in the browser.
ON AIR necessarily exchanges realtime keying information with the realtime relay so that other connected operators can hear your keying.
The optional community features use lightweight shared realtime data for:
- Anonymous visitor counting
- Country aggregation
- Total practice-hour aggregation
- Global completed-Duel counting
- The global 73! counter
- Weekly Leaderboard entries
- Anonymous SKCC / LICW onboard counters
- Realtime CW Duel presence, challenges and battle state
- Lightweight global Chat messages and presence
The community statistics use a random browser identifier rather than requiring a user account.
The Weekly Leaderboard shares your callsign only if you choose to participate.
SKCC and LICW membership counters use anonymous browser-level participation records for counting. Your actual SKCC or LICW number is stored locally and is used to display your personal reward state.
Your complete detailed training statistics are not uploaded as a user profile.
No registration is required to use Morse Practice.
Screenshots and additional hardware examples will be added as the project evolves.
Morse Practice is completely free and open source.
Suggestions, bug reports, ideas and pull requests are always welcome.
Whether you're:
- learning your first Morse characters,
- following the Koch Course,
- practicing your straight-key fist,
- improving paddle timing,
- creating Custom Lessons,
- teaching CW,
- experimenting with hardware,
- testing the QSO Bot,
- experimenting with Local AI,
- testing Audio Only practice,
- trying different themes,
- participating in the Weekly Leaderboard,
- testing CW Duel,
- using the global Chat for CW practice coordination,
- or an experienced CW operator...
...your feedback can help improve Morse Practice for everyone.
Particularly useful feedback includes unusual but valid CW exchanges that the QSO Bot fails to understand.
Special thanks to the instructors and members of the Long Island CW Club (LICW).
I am a student of LICW, and much of the philosophy behind Morse Practice was inspired by my own experience learning and practicing CW with the club — its methodology, its instructors, and especially its approach to making CW something that is learned through practice, progression, and real interaction.
If you are looking for a structured methodology and a community to learn CW, Learn Morse Code – CW with The Long Island CW Club is, without a doubt, the place I recommend. Their instructors and teaching approach are a major inspiration behind this project.
Morse Practice is an independent personal project and a free contribution to anyone interested in learning, practicing, or simply enjoying Morse code.
A very special acknowledgment goes to Antonio Villano, CX7BBB (Silent Key), from whom I first learned CW.
My first steps in Morse code were greatly influenced by Antonio and his CW course for Radio Club Uruguayo. His way of teaching helped introduce me to this wonderful mode and became part of the foundation of my own journey into CW.
His lessons remain available online, allowing new operators to continue learning from him and helping preserve his contribution to amateur radio and CW.
Thank you, Antonio. Your teaching continues every time another operator discovers CW through the knowledge you left behind.
Special thanks also to Bob Carter, WR7Q, whose sending exercise inspired the Daily training section and provided the foundation for its practice format.
And finally, thank you to every instructor, mentor, operator, and CW enthusiast who continues to share their knowledge, help newcomers, practice on the air, and keep the art of Morse code alive.
📡 Callsign
ZP5DXS
https://www.facebook.com/ZP5DXS
GitHub
🌐 Live Demo
https://zp5dxs.github.io/morse-practice/
Released under the MIT License.
Use it.
Modify it.
Improve it.
Share it.
Teach with it.
Build something with it.
Keep CW alive.
Mathias Maidana — ZP5DXS 🇵🇾
Learn CW. Practice CW. Send CW.