diff --git a/src/windows/common/WslCoreNetworkingSupport.h b/src/windows/common/WslCoreNetworkingSupport.h
index f1a0b726c..6e584ac8f 100644
--- a/src/windows/common/WslCoreNetworkingSupport.h
+++ b/src/windows/common/WslCoreNetworkingSupport.h
@@ -136,6 +136,16 @@ inline constexpr auto* c_ipv4TestRequestTargetA = "www.msftconnecttest.com";
 inline constexpr auto* c_ipv6TestRequestTarget = L"ipv6.msftconnecttest.com";
 inline constexpr auto* c_ipv6TestRequestTargetA = "ipv6.msftconnecttest.com";
 
+inline HRESULT GetGnsCallbackResult(LX_MESSAGE_TYPE messageType, HRESULT transportResult, int linuxResultCode) noexcept
+{
+    if (FAILED(transportResult) || messageType == LxGnsMessageConnectTestRequest || linuxResultCode == 0)
+    {
+        return transportResult;
+    }
+
+    return E_FAIL;
+}
+
 inline constexpr GUID c_wslFirewallVmCreatorId = {0x40E0AC32, 0x46A5, 0x438A, {0xA0, 0xB2, 0x2B, 0x47, 0x9E, 0x8F, 0x2E, 0x90}};
 
 inline constexpr auto c_networkAdapterPrefix = L"VirtualMachine/Devices/NetworkAdapters/";
diff --git a/src/windows/service/exe/MirroredNetworking.cpp b/src/windows/service/exe/MirroredNetworking.cpp
index 417006ea7..5cc22319f 100644
--- a/src/windows/service/exe/MirroredNetworking.cpp
+++ b/src/windows/service/exe/MirroredNetworking.cpp
@@ -667,41 +667,43 @@ try
         WI_ASSERT(WI_IsFlagSet(callbackFlags, wsl::core::networking::GnsCallbackFlags::Wait));
     }
 
-    auto sendGnsMessage =
-        [this, messageType, capturedNotificationString = std::move(notificationString), callbackFlags, returnedValueFromGns]() mutable {
-            try
-            {
-                auto retryCount = 0ul;
-                // RetryWithTimeout throws if fails after the timeout has elapsed - which is caught and returned by m_gnsMessageQueue below
-                return wsl::shared::retry::RetryWithTimeout<HRESULT>(
-                    [&]() {
-                        const auto hr = wil::ResultFromException([&] {
-                            if (returnedValueFromGns && WI_IsFlagSet(callbackFlags, wsl::core::networking::GnsCallbackFlags::Wait))
-                            {
-                                *returnedValueFromGns =
-                                    m_gnsChannel.SendNetworkDeviceMessageReturnResult(messageType, capturedNotificationString.c_str());
-                            }
-                            else
-                            {
-                                m_gnsChannel.SendNetworkDeviceMessage(messageType, capturedNotificationString.c_str());
-                            }
-                        });
-                        WSL_LOG(
-                            "MirroredNetworking::NetworkManagerGnsMessageCallback",
-                            TraceLoggingValue(ToString(messageType), "messageType"),
-                            TraceLoggingValue(capturedNotificationString.c_str(), "notificationString"),
-                            TraceLoggingValue(hr, "hr"),
-                            TraceLoggingValue(returnedValueFromGns ? *returnedValueFromGns : 0xFFFFFFFF, "returnedValueFromGns"),
-                            TraceLoggingValue(retryCount, "retryCount"));
-
-                        ++retryCount;
-                        return hr;
-                    },
-                    std::chrono::milliseconds(100),
-                    std::chrono::seconds(3));
-            }
-            CATCH_RETURN()
-        };
+    auto sendGnsMessage = [this, messageType, capturedNotificationString = std::move(notificationString), callbackFlags, returnedValueFromGns]() mutable {
+        try
+        {
+            auto retryCount = 0ul;
+            auto sendMessage = [&]() {
+                const auto hr = wil::ResultFromException([&] {
+                    if (returnedValueFromGns && WI_IsFlagSet(callbackFlags, wsl::core::networking::GnsCallbackFlags::Wait))
+                    {
+                        *returnedValueFromGns =
+                            m_gnsChannel.SendNetworkDeviceMessageReturnResult(messageType, capturedNotificationString.c_str());
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        m_gnsChannel.SendNetworkDeviceMessage(messageType, capturedNotificationString.c_str());
+                    }
+                });
+                const bool hasLinuxResult = returnedValueFromGns != nullptr;
+                const int linuxResultCode = hasLinuxResult ? *returnedValueFromGns : 0;
+                WSL_LOG(
+                    "MirroredNetworking::NetworkManagerGnsMessageCallback",
+                    TraceLoggingValue(ToString(messageType), "messageType"),
+                    TraceLoggingValue(capturedNotificationString.c_str(), "notificationString"),
+                    TraceLoggingValue(hr, "hr"),
+                    TraceLoggingValue(hasLinuxResult, "hasLinuxResult"),
+                    TraceLoggingValue(linuxResultCode, "linuxResultCode"),
+                    TraceLoggingValue(retryCount, "retryCount"));
+
+                ++retryCount;
+                THROW_IF_FAILED(hr);
+                return networking::GetGnsCallbackResult(messageType, hr, linuxResultCode);
+            };
+
+            // RetryWithTimeout throws if transport fails after the timeout has elapsed.
+            return wsl::shared::retry::RetryWithTimeout<HRESULT>(sendMessage, std::chrono::milliseconds(100), std::chrono::seconds(3));
+        }
+        CATCH_RETURN()
+    };
 
     if (WI_IsFlagSet(callbackFlags, wsl::core::networking::GnsCallbackFlags::Wait))
     {
diff --git a/test/windows/NetworkTests.cpp b/test/windows/NetworkTests.cpp
index b06aae02b..65d603dd1 100644
--- a/test/windows/NetworkTests.cpp
+++ b/test/windows/NetworkTests.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ Module Name:
 #include "wslpolicies.h"
 #include "hns_schema.h"
 #include "WslCoreNetworkEndpointSettings.h"
+#include "WslCoreNetworkingSupport.h"
 
 #include <mstcpip.h>
 #include <winhttp.h>
@@ -3950,6 +3951,36 @@ class NetworkTests
     }
 };
 
+class GnsCallbackResultTests
+{
+    WSL_TEST_CLASS(GnsCallbackResultTests)
+
+    TEST_METHOD(GnsCallbackSuccessfulTransportAndLinuxResultSucceeds)
+    {
+        VERIFY_SUCCEEDED(wsl::core::networking::GetGnsCallbackResult(LxGnsMessageDeviceSettingRequest, S_OK, 0));
+    }
+
+    TEST_METHOD(GnsCallbackSuccessfulTransportAndLinuxFailureFails)
+    {
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(E_FAIL, wsl::core::networking::GetGnsCallbackResult(LxGnsMessageDeviceSettingRequest, S_OK, -1));
+    }
+
+    TEST_METHOD(GnsCallbackTransportFailureFails)
+    {
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(E_ABORT, wsl::core::networking::GetGnsCallbackResult(LxGnsMessageDeviceSettingRequest, E_ABORT, 0));
+    }
+
+    TEST_METHOD(GnsCallbackConnectTestBusinessResultSucceeds)
+    {
+        VERIFY_SUCCEEDED(wsl::core::networking::GetGnsCallbackResult(LxGnsMessageConnectTestRequest, S_OK, -1));
+    }
+
+    TEST_METHOD(GnsCallbackConnectTestTransportFailureFails)
+    {
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(E_ABORT, wsl::core::networking::GetGnsCallbackResult(LxGnsMessageConnectTestRequest, E_ABORT, -1));
+    }
+};
+
 class MirroredTests
 {
     WSL_TEST_CLASS(MirroredTests)