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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-TW">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=2">
<meta name="theme-color" content="#222">
<meta name="generator" content="Hexo 5.3.0">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/Blog/images/apple-touch-icon-next.png">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/Blog/images/favicon-32x32-next.png">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/Blog/images/favicon-16x16-next.png">
<link rel="mask-icon" href="/Blog/images/logo.svg" color="#222">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/Blog/css/main.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/Blog/lib/font-awesome/css/all.min.css">
<script id="hexo-configurations">
var NexT = window.NexT || {};
var CONFIG = {"hostname":"example.com","root":"/Blog/","scheme":"Gemini","version":"7.8.0","exturl":false,"sidebar":{"position":"left","display":"post","padding":18,"offset":12,"onmobile":false,"url":"/images/rexjamesg.png","rounded":true,"rotated":true},"copycode":{"enable":true,"show_result":true,"style":"flat"},"back2top":{"enable":true,"sidebar":false,"scrollpercent":false},"bookmark":{"enable":false,"color":"#222","save":"auto"},"fancybox":false,"mediumzoom":false,"lazyload":false,"pangu":false,"comments":{"style":"tabs","active":null,"storage":true,"lazyload":false,"nav":null},"algolia":{"hits":{"per_page":10},"labels":{"input_placeholder":"Search for Posts","hits_empty":"We didn't find any results for the search: ${query}","hits_stats":"${hits} results found in ${time} ms"}},"localsearch":{"enable":true,"trigger":"auto","top_n_per_article":1,"unescape":false,"preload":false},"motion":{"enable":true,"async":false,"transition":{"post_block":"fadeIn","post_header":"slideDownIn","post_body":"slideDownIn","coll_header":"slideLeftIn","sidebar":"slideUpIn"}},"path":"search.xml"};
</script>
<meta property="og:type" content="website">
<meta property="og:title" content="Ed's blog">
<meta property="og:url" content="http://example.com/index.html">
<meta property="og:site_name" content="Ed's blog">
<meta property="og:locale" content="zh_TW">
<meta property="article:author" content="Ed">
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary">
<link rel="canonical" href="http://example.com/">
<script id="page-configurations">
// https://hexo.io/docs/variables.html
CONFIG.page = {
sidebar: "",
isHome : true,
isPost : false,
lang : 'zh-TW'
};
</script>
<title>Ed's blog</title>
<noscript>
<style>
.use-motion .brand,
.use-motion .menu-item,
.sidebar-inner,
.use-motion .post-block,
.use-motion .pagination,
.use-motion .comments,
.use-motion .post-header,
.use-motion .post-body,
.use-motion .collection-header { opacity: initial; }
.use-motion .site-title,
.use-motion .site-subtitle {
opacity: initial;
top: initial;
}
.use-motion .logo-line-before i { left: initial; }
.use-motion .logo-line-after i { right: initial; }
</style>
</noscript>
</head>
<body itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage">
<div class="container use-motion">
<div class="headband"></div>
<header class="header" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WPHeader">
<div class="header-inner"><div class="site-brand-container">
<div class="site-nav-toggle">
<div class="toggle" aria-label="切換導航欄">
<span class="toggle-line toggle-line-first"></span>
<span class="toggle-line toggle-line-middle"></span>
<span class="toggle-line toggle-line-last"></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="site-meta">
<a href="/Blog/" class="brand" rel="start">
<span class="logo-line-before"><i></i></span>
<h1 class="site-title">Ed's blog</h1>
<span class="logo-line-after"><i></i></span>
</a>
</div>
<div class="site-nav-right">
<div class="toggle popup-trigger">
<i class="fa fa-search fa-fw fa-lg"></i>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<nav class="site-nav">
<ul id="menu" class="main-menu menu">
<li class="menu-item menu-item-home">
<a href="/Blog/" rel="section"><i class="fa fa-home fa-fw"></i>首頁</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-tags">
<a href="/Blog/tags/" rel="section"><i class="fa fa-tags fa-fw"></i>標籤<span class="badge">19</span></a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-categories">
<a href="/Blog/categories/" rel="section"><i class="fa fa-th fa-fw"></i>分類<span class="badge">15</span></a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-archives">
<a href="/Blog/archives/" rel="section"><i class="fa fa-archive fa-fw"></i>歸檔<span class="badge">40</span></a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-search">
<a role="button" class="popup-trigger"><i class="fa fa-search fa-fw"></i>搜尋
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<div class="search-pop-overlay">
<div class="popup search-popup">
<div class="search-header">
<span class="search-icon">
<i class="fa fa-search"></i>
</span>
<div class="search-input-container">
<input autocomplete="off" autocapitalize="off"
placeholder="搜尋..." spellcheck="false"
type="search" class="search-input">
</div>
<span class="popup-btn-close">
<i class="fa fa-times-circle"></i>
</span>
</div>
<div id="search-result">
<div id="no-result">
<i class="fa fa-spinner fa-pulse fa-5x fa-fw"></i>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<div class="back-to-top">
<i class="fa fa-arrow-up"></i>
<span>0%</span>
</div>
<main class="main">
<div class="main-inner">
<div class="content-wrap">
<div class="content index posts-expand">
<article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" class="post-block" lang="zh-TW">
<link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="http://example.com/OSI%20%E4%B8%83%E5%B1%A4%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A/">
<span hidden itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person">
<meta itemprop="image" content="/Blog/images/avatar.gif">
<meta itemprop="name" content="Ed">
<meta itemprop="description" content="">
</span>
<span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization">
<meta itemprop="name" content="Ed's blog">
</span>
<header class="post-header">
<h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">
<a href="/Blog/OSI%20%E4%B8%83%E5%B1%A4%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">OSI 七層協定</a>
</h2>
<div class="post-meta">
<span class="post-meta-item">
<span class="post-meta-item-icon">
<i class="far fa-calendar"></i>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item-text">發表於</span>
<time title="創建時間：2021-01-28 00:00:00" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2021-01-28T00:00:00+08:00">2021-01-28</time>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item">
<span class="post-meta-item-icon">
<i class="far fa-calendar-check"></i>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item-text">更新於</span>
<time title="修改時間：2021-02-01 15:46:26" itemprop="dateModified" datetime="2021-02-01T15:46:26+08:00">2021-02-01</time>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item">
<span class="post-meta-item-icon">
<i class="far fa-folder"></i>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item-text">分類於</span>
<span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing">
<a href="/Blog/categories/%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E6%A9%9F%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">計算機網路</span></a>
</span>
</span>
<br>
<span class="post-meta-item" title="文章字數">
<span class="post-meta-item-icon">
<i class="far fa-file-word"></i>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item-text">文章字數：</span>
<span>1.6k</span>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item" title="所需閱讀時間">
<span class="post-meta-item-icon">
<i class="far fa-clock"></i>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item-text">所需閱讀時間 ≈</span>
<span>1 分鐘</span>
</span>
</div>
</header>
<div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody">
<h1 id="OSI-七層協定"><a href="#OSI-七層協定" class="headerlink" title="OSI 七層協定"></a>OSI 七層協定</h1><p>將整個網路連接過程分成數個階層 (layer)，每個階層都有特別的獨立的功能， 而且每個階層的程式碼可以獨立撰寫，因為每個階層之間的功能並不會互相干擾的。 如此一來，當某個小環節出現問題時，只要將該層級的程式碼重新撰寫即可。所以程式撰寫也容易，整個網路概念也就更清晰！ 那就是目前你常聽到的 OSI 七層協定 (Open System Interconnection) 的概念囉！</p>
<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/VFdmQVM.png" alt="OSI 七層協定各階層的相關性"></p>
<p>越接近硬體的階層為底層 (layer 1)，越接近應用程式的則是高層 (layer 7)。</p>
<p>不論是接收端還是發送端，每個一階層只認識對方的同一階層資料。我們透過應用程式將資料放入第七層的包裹，再將第七層的包裹放到第六層的包裹內， 依序一直放到第一層的最大的包裹內，然後傳送出去給接收端。接收端的主機就得由第一個包裹開始，依序將每個包裹拆開， 然後一個一個交給對應負責的階層來視察！</p>
<!--noindex-->
<div class="post-button">
<a class="btn" href="/Blog/OSI%20%E4%B8%83%E5%B1%A4%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A/#more" rel="contents">
閱讀全文 »
</a>
</div>
<!--/noindex-->
</div>
<footer class="post-footer">
<div class="post-eof"></div>
</footer>
</article>
<article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" class="post-block" lang="zh-TW">
<link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="http://example.com/%E7%99%BC%E5%B8%83%E5%88%B0%20Google%20Play%20store%20%E5%BE%8C%EF%BC%8CFacebook%20Login%20key%20hash%20%E9%8C%AF%E8%AA%A4/">
<span hidden itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person">
<meta itemprop="image" content="/Blog/images/avatar.gif">
<meta itemprop="name" content="Ed">
<meta itemprop="description" content="">
</span>
<span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization">
<meta itemprop="name" content="Ed's blog">
</span>
<header class="post-header">
<h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">
<a href="/Blog/%E7%99%BC%E5%B8%83%E5%88%B0%20Google%20Play%20store%20%E5%BE%8C%EF%BC%8CFacebook%20Login%20key%20hash%20%E9%8C%AF%E8%AA%A4/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">發布到 Google Play store 後，Facebook Login key hash 錯誤</a>
</h2>
<div class="post-meta">
<span class="post-meta-item">
<span class="post-meta-item-icon">
<i class="far fa-calendar"></i>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item-text">發表於</span>
<time title="創建時間：2020-12-21 00:00:00" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2020-12-21T00:00:00+08:00">2020-12-21</time>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item">
<span class="post-meta-item-icon">
<i class="far fa-calendar-check"></i>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item-text">更新於</span>
<time title="修改時間：2021-01-06 03:44:00" itemprop="dateModified" datetime="2021-01-06T03:44:00+08:00">2021-01-06</time>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item">
<span class="post-meta-item-icon">
<i class="far fa-folder"></i>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item-text">分類於</span>
<span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing">
<a href="/Blog/categories/Command/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">Command</span></a>
</span>
</span>
<br>
<span class="post-meta-item" title="文章字數">
<span class="post-meta-item-icon">
<i class="far fa-file-word"></i>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item-text">文章字數：</span>
<span>162</span>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item" title="所需閱讀時間">
<span class="post-meta-item-icon">
<i class="far fa-clock"></i>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item-text">所需閱讀時間 ≈</span>
<span>1 分鐘</span>
</span>
</div>
</header>
<div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody">
<h1 id="發布到-Google-Play-store-後，Facebook-Login-key-hash-錯誤"><a href="#發布到-Google-Play-store-後，Facebook-Login-key-hash-錯誤" class="headerlink" title="發布到 Google Play store 後，Facebook Login key hash 錯誤"></a>發布到 Google Play store 後，Facebook Login key hash 錯誤</h1><p>在 Google Play Console 中找到版本管理-應用簽名，複製<code>SHA-1</code>證書指紋。</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">echo `SHA-1 證書指紋` | xxd -r -p | openssl base64</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>將此值設定到 Facebook 應用設置裡的 key hash 裡即可。</p>
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<h1 id="Mac-好用的終端機"><a href="#Mac-好用的終端機" class="headerlink" title="Mac 好用的終端機"></a>Mac 好用的終端機</h1><h2 id="1、安裝zsh"><a href="#1、安裝zsh" class="headerlink" title="1、安裝zsh"></a>1、安裝<code>zsh</code></h2><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">brew install zsh</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="2、安裝oh-my-zsh"><a href="#2、安裝oh-my-zsh" class="headerlink" title="2、安裝oh-my-zsh"></a>2、安裝<code>oh-my-zsh</code></h2><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<h1 id="Mac-OS-系統的環境變數配置"><a href="#Mac-OS-系統的環境變數配置" class="headerlink" title="Mac OS 系統的環境變數配置"></a>Mac OS 系統的環境變數配置</h1><p>Mac 環境變數存放位置，系統按照如下順序依次載入：</p>
<ol>
<li><code>/etc/profile</code></li>
<li><code>/etc/bashrc</code></li>
<li><code>~/.bash_profile</code></li>
</ol>
<p>前兩個配置為系統級別的，所有使用者均可使用<br><br>第三個配置屬於使用者級別的，僅供當前使用者讀寫。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>建議將個人使用者所需要的環境變數配置於第三個當中。</p>
<p>注意：預設情況下，<code>~/.bash_profile</code>檔案是不存在的。</p>
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<h1 id="Git-進階應用-Submodule"><a href="#Git-進階應用-Submodule" class="headerlink" title="Git 進階應用 Submodule"></a>Git 進階應用 Submodule</h1><p>以下將以<code>SubRepo</code>代表要被匯入的 Repository，而<code>SuperRepo</code>則是把 SubRepo 匯入的 Repository。</p>
<p>尚未撰寫</p>
<h2 id="參考文獻"><a href="#參考文獻" class="headerlink" title="參考文獻"></a>參考文獻</h2><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://blog.puckwang.com/post/2020/git-submodule-vs-subtree/">Git 進階應用 Submodule 與 Subtree，使用它們來拆分專案
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<h1 id="一、前言"><a href="#一、前言" class="headerlink" title="一、前言"></a>一、前言</h1><p>軟體開發分為兩大主支：</p>
<ol>
<li>瀑布式開發（Waterfall）：以流程為主軸。以<code>CMMI</code>最具代表。</li>
<li>敏捷式開發（Agile）：以人為主軸。以<code>Scrum</code>最具代表。</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>瀑布式開發（Waterfall）</strong></p>
<p>只要規則定下去，照著做就會有好產品。人的因素要盡可能排除，以利於產出的一致性。</p>
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<h1 id="Command-Line-基本指令與操作"><a href="#Command-Line-基本指令與操作" class="headerlink" title="Command Line 基本指令與操作"></a>Command Line 基本指令與操作</h1><p><strong>基本理解</strong></p>
<p>命令行(command line)是一個純文字的應用程式，被稱為命令列介面(Command Line Interface，CLI)。一般都是使用圖形化介面(Graphical User Interface，GUI)操作電腦。</p>
<h2 id="指令-Command"><a href="#指令-Command" class="headerlink" title="指令(Command)"></a>指令(Command)</h2><p><strong>1.基本指令</strong></p>
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<h1 id="Http-介紹"><a href="#Http-介紹" class="headerlink" title="Http 介紹"></a>Http 介紹</h1><h2 id="簡介"><a href="#簡介" class="headerlink" title="簡介"></a>簡介</h2><p><code>HTTP</code>屬於應用層的面向對象協議。</p>
<h2 id="特點"><a href="#特點" class="headerlink" title="特點"></a>特點</h2><ol>
<li>支持 C/S(客戶/服務器) 模式。</li>
<li>簡單快速：客戶向服務器請求時，只需傳送請求方法和路徑。如：<code>GET</code>、<code>HEAD</code>、<code>POST</code>……等</li>
<li>靈活：<code>HTTP</code>允許傳輸任意類型的數據對象，類型以<code>Content-Type</code>標記。</li>
<li>無連接：限制每次連接只處理一個請求，服務器處理完客戶的請求，並收到客戶的應答，即斷開連接。</li>
<li>無狀態：指對事務處理沒有記憶能力。若缺少狀態則意味著如果後續需要前面的信息，則它必須重傳。</li>
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